![]() ![]() Industrial ammonia is sold either as ammonia liquor (usually 28% ammonia in water) or as pressurized or refrigerated anhydrous liquid ammonia transported in tank cars or cylinders. In 2021 this was 235 million tonnes, with very little being made within the United States. ![]() The global industrial production of ammonia in 2018 was 175 million tonnes, with no significant change relative to the 2013 global industrial production of 175 million tonnes. In many countries it is classified as an extremely hazardous substance, and is subject to strict reporting requirements by facilities which produce, store, or use it in significant quantities. It is mainly collected by downward displacement of both air and water.Īlthough common in nature-both terrestrially and in the outer planets of the Solar System-and in wide use, ammonia is both caustic and hazardous in its concentrated form. Ammonia in pure form is also applied directly into the soil.Īmmonia, either directly or indirectly, is also a building block for the synthesis of many pharmaceutical products and is used in many commercial cleaning products. Around 70% of ammonia is used to make fertilisers in various forms and composition, such as urea and Diammonium phosphate. Biologically, it is a common nitrogenous waste, particularly among aquatic organisms, and it contributes significantly to the nutritional needs of terrestrial organisms by serving as a precursor to 45% of the world's food and fertilizers. A stable binary hydride, and the simplest pnictogen hydride, ammonia is a colourless gas with a distinct pungent smell. Ammonia is an inorganic compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula N H 3.
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